Zeolite is aluminosilicate or molecular sieve, a crystalline solid made from silica, aluminum, and oxygen. They are naturally available and can be synthesized chemically. Some of the natural zeolites are analcime, chabazite, clinoptilolite, erionite, ferrierite, heulandite, laumontite, mordenite, and phillipsite. Zeolites provide porous structure and high surface area. Due to its high selectivity, the desired reaction is catalyzed and the yield of a reaction is maximized. Molecular properties and structure of zeolite make it an ideal shape selective catalyst.
Zeolites, owing to its acidity, find application in catalytic cracking, alkylation, isomerization, and aromatization reactions. Fluidized catalytic cracking is the largest and oldest application of zeolite catalysts. Zeolites have the unique ability to adsorb water while rejecting larger molecules and hence, find applications in drying air, organic solvents, natural gas, and refrigerants. Various type of zeolites such as ZSM-5, Zeolites A, X, mordenite is used for removing gases such as ammonia (NH3), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), and Carbon dioxide (CO2). Purification of hydrocarbon liquids and gases is also done by zeolites.
Zeolites are increasingly being used in water treatment. In water and wastewater treatment, zeolites are used for heavy metal removal, ammonia removal, and water softening. The removal efficiency of zeolites depends upon contact time, type, amount, temperature, initial metal concentration, and pH. Zeolites have been extensively used for removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater. Zeolites are used for heavy metal removal in nuclear, mine, and industrial wastes. Zeolites are also useful in agriculture to supply ammonium and potassium ions from soil. Researchers in the horticulture and agriculture sector are also focusing on zeolites for improving crop yields.
By 2000, NASA scientists developed a synthetic super-soil, loaded with zeolite minerals that contain essential plant growth nutrients. This technique was named 'zeoponics'. It is a new growth medium developed for space travel.
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Vidyesh Swar is a seasoned Consultant with a diverse background in market research and business consulting. With over 6 years of experience, Vidyesh has established a strong reputation for his proficiency in market estimations, supplier landscape analysis, and market share assessments for tailored research solution. Using his deep industry knowledge and analytical skills, he provides valuable insights and strategic recommendations, enabling clients to make informed decisions and navigate complex business landscapes.
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