Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects human B cells and spreads the infection throughout the entire reticuloendothelial system (RES). The virus is known to cause various autoimmune disorders including multiple sclerosis, celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes. Various research studies have linked Epstein-Barr virus to certain cancers of the lymphatic system and lupus. For instance, according to the report from the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, in 2018, infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) increases the risk of developing multiple sclerosis. When the human body encounters foreign bodies such as virus or bacteria, it uses B-cells to produce antibodies to fight against these agents. However, in Epstein-Barr infections, the virus invades and takes control of B-cells. EBV invades B cells by producing abnormal transcription factors that regulate gene expression.
The researchers revealed that virus-derived EBNA2 transcription factor binds to several spots in the human genome that are linked to above mentioned diseases. Moreover, EBV is linked with several human cancers such as Burkitt’s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. However, the exact reason for EBV leading to different types of cancers is currently being studied by various researchers. For instance, according to the study published in Gynecologic Oncology Journal, 2017, researchers from the Federal University of Cariri stated that cervical carcinoma was four times more prevalent among EBV positive women than in women without EBV infection. This indicated that EBV infection increases the risk of cervical carcinoma.
Market Dynamics
Various universities are involved in frequent research and development activities for development of novel monovaccines.
For instance, since 2017, University of Kansas School of Engineering and School of Pharmacy is studying genetics of human immune responses to produce a potent vaccine for Epstein - Barr virus or EBV. Such increasing research activities by various organizations for development of novel vaccines for EBV is expected to drive the global monovaccines (Epstein - Barr virus) market growth.
Furthermore, high prevalence of various diseases related to EBV virus is expected to rise demand for its vaccine in future.
For instance, according to data published by Cancer Research U.K. in 2014, around 62,400 cases of Hodgkin’s lymphoma were recorded worldwide, out of which around 28,600 cases were associated with Epstein-Barr virus. According to the same source, it was estimated that EBV is responsible for an estimated 45% of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in the U.K., annually.
According to data published by Cancer Research U.K. in 2014, EBV is a very common virus that can increase the risk of nasopharyngeal cancer. According to same source, there were around 80,000 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma worldwide, out of which around 78,100 cases were associated with Epstein-Barr virus.
Key features of the study:
Detailed Segmentation:
“*” marked represents similar segmentation in other categories in the respective section.
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