Gene mutations often result in the disruption of normal processing of genes and leads to the development of diseases. However, recently discovered epigenetic alterations have shown the potential to greatly influence tumoral response to therapy regimens. Such epigenetic alterations have proven to be dynamic, and thus could be restored. Due to their reversible nature, the promising opportunity to improve chemotherapy response using epigenetic therapy has arisen. Potential epidrug candidates can be found through a process known as drug repositioning or repurposing, a promising strategy for the discovery of novel potential targets in already approved drugs. At present, novel epidrug candidates have been identified in preclinical studies and some others are currently being tested in clinical trials, ready to be repositioned. The main focus of epidrug repurposing is the development of agents with one indication only, while giving patients lower cost therapies and a novel precision medical approach to optimize treatment efficacy and reduce toxicity. Epigenetic drugs are commonly used in the treatment of infections, cancer, diabetic retinopathy, cardiac dysfunction, schizophrenia, and mental problems including posttraumatic stress disorder. They are categorized into four classes: hydroxamates (vorinostat, belinostat, panobinostat), benzamides (entinostat, chidamide), cyclic peptides (romidepsin), and aliphatic acids.
Market Dynamics
Increasing new product launches, and mergers and acquisitions by key market players is expected to drive the global epigenetics drugs & diagnostic technologies market growth. For instance, on November 4, 2021, Epizyme, Inc., a U.S. based clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing and delivering novel epigenetic therapies, announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Fast Track designation to EZM0414, the company’s novel, first-in-class, oral SETD2 inhibitor, as an investigational agent for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). The company has also initiated a Phase 1/1b study to evaluate safety and determine the optimal dose of EZM0414.
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